Industrialists of the South of Ukraine and Their Entrepreneurial Practices at the End of the Nineteenth and the Beginning of the Twentieth Centuries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2022.03.059Keywords:
men entrepreneurs, women entrepreneurs, industry of Southern Ukraine, industrialization, economic region, Southern Ukrainian provincesAbstract
The purpose of the research is to find out the quantitative, property, social and ethnic composition of manufacturers and breeders of Southern Ukraine at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, to highlight the main areas of their entrepreneurial interests and the level of profitability of their establishments, as well as the place and role of women in business practices of modern time
The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity and scientificity. Such methods as historical-genetic, analytical-synthetic, the method of comparative analysis, retrospective, historical-typological, the method of local history were used.
Scientific novelty. A regional-branch approach to the study of entrepreneurship in Ukraine during the imperial era is proposed, it is considered both as a component of national economic history and as a kind of social institution that bore all the characteristic imprints of that era.
Conclusions. It is noted that the activation of entrepreneurship at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. Concerned primarily the Southern Ukrainian provinces of the Russian Empire – Kherson, Katerynoslav and Tavriia. It was found that the leader of industrial production in the region was the Kherson province, which was unconditionally dominated by Odesa, since it accounted for more than a third of the province’s largest industrial enterprises. Instead, large metallurgical and mining enterprises, which were founded mainly by foreigners, were concentrated in the Katerynoslav province. According to social characteristics among the industrialists of Southern Ukraine at the beginning of the 20th century. Representatives of the merchant class were ahead of the rest by a significant margin. The growing role of Jewish and German entrepreneurs in the development of the industry of the entire region was determined (in the Kherson region, the former accounted for more than half of all industrialists in the province, and in the Katerynoslav region – a third). German-speaking industrialists – mainly merchants and peasant owners – skillfully realized their business interests in the field of metal processing and the manufacture of agricultural machinery. The share of Ukrainian entrepreneurs among the industrialists of Southern Ukraine was on average 5% from their total number in each of the three provinces, and their enterprises were mostly small and medium-sized establishments. It was emphasized that at the specified time, the role of women representatives in the large and medium-sized production of the Southern Ukrainian region was growing, and they accounted for about 7% of all owners of registered industrial establishments in the South of Ukraine. More than half of them carried out their business practices in the factory production of the Kherson province.
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