The Community of the Uman District of the Kyiv Province in the January Uprising of 1863—1864
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2023.03.119%20Keywords:
gentry, Russian administration, peasantry, Christian church, January Uprising, Uman district, Kyiv provinceAbstract
The purpose of the study is to highlight the events of the January Uprising at the regional level through the confrontation/interaction between the gentry, the church, and the imperial authorities.
The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific and special historical research methods, in particular, problematic and chronological, historical and biographical, and comparative historical methods.
The scientific novelty is based on the fact that the author tries to rethink the events of the January Uprising in the Uman district of Kyiv province on the basis of newly discovered and already known archival documents.
Conclusions. Despite the fact that the historiography of the January Uprising and its reverberations on Ukrainian lands is sufficient, it still does not allow us to claim that the study of its course on Right-Bank Ukraine, especially at the regional level, is complete. The Uman district was one of the largest in the Kyiv province, and the position of the Polish gentry in influencing local life did not weaken, despite the repressive measures taken by the Russian authorities aft er the suppression of the 1830—1831 uprising. The analysis of the sources refutes the claim of significant insurgent activity in the county but, at the same time, confirms that the local nobility supported the Polish movement and the January Uprising (secret meetings, hiding weapons and ammunition, and individuals joining insurgent groups), and some imperial officials were liberal towards the Poles. The attitude of the Christian churches to the events of the uprising is a kind of reflection of the attitude of the imperial authorities to the right-bank gentry, who were mostly of the Roman Catholic faith. The repressive measures taken by the tsarist regime only slightly reduced Polish influence in the economic, social, and cultural life of the district.
References
Shcherbak, N. O. (2005). Natsionalne pytannia u politytsi tsaryzmu v Pravoberezhnii Ukraini (kinets XVIII — pochatok XX stolittia). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Lisevych, I. (1993). U zatinku dvohlavoho orla (Polska natsionalna menshyna na Naddniprianskii Ukraini v druhii polovyni XIX st. — na pochatku XX st.). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Shandra, V. (2005). Heneral-hubernatorstva v Ukraini: XIX — pochatok XX stolittia. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Zemskyi, Yu. (2011). Polska, rosiiska ta ukrainska elity v zmahanniakh za Pravoberezhnu Ukrainu seredyny XIX st. Khmelnytskyi. [in Ukrainian].
Hud, B. (2017). Z istorii etnosotsialnykh konfliktiv. Ukraintsi yi poliaky na Naddniprianschyni, Volyni yi u Skhidnii Halychyni v XIX — pershij polovyni XX st. Kharkiv. [in Ukrainian].
Kazmyrchuk, M. (2011). Sotsialno-ekonomichnyi rozvytok Kyivskoi hubernii (1861-1917 rr.). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Sumyshyn, Ya. (2022). Polska identychnist ta rosiiske samoderzhavstvo. Podilskyi zriz. Kamianets-Podilskyi. [in Ukrainian].
Kryvosheia, I., Moravets, N. (Ed.) (2014). Polske natsionalne povstannia 1863-1864 rr. na Pravoberezhnii Ukraini: vid mifiv do faktiv: kol. monohrafiia. Uman. [in Ukrainian].
Wiech, S. (2018). Depolonizacja Ziem Zabranych (1864-1914). Koncepcje — mechanizmy decyzyjne — realizacja. T. 1. Litwa i Białoruś. Od Murawjowa do Baranowa (1864-1868). Kielce. [in Polish].
Legieć, J., Latawiec, K. (2018). Depolonizacja Ziem Zabranych (1864-1914). Koncepcje — mechanizmy decyzyjne — realizacja. T. 2. Prawobrzeżna Ukraina. Czasy Annienkowa i Bezaka (1864-1868). Kielce. [in Polish].
Wiech, S. (Ed.). (2021). Depolonizacja Ziem Zabranych (1864-1914). Koncepcje — mechanizmy decyzyjne — realizacja. T. 3. Stanisław Wiech, Litwa i Białoruś. Rządy Potapowa (1868-1874). Kielce. [in Polish].
Caban, W. (2011). Powstanie styczniowe. Polacy i Rosjanie w XIX wieku. Wybór studiów z okazji czterdziestolecia pracy naukowej i 65. rocznicy urodzin. Kielce. [in Polish].
Legieć, J. (2021). Sprawozdania kijowskich generałów-gubernatorów jako źródło do dziejów polityki rosyjskiej w Kraju Południowo-Zachodnim w pierwszych latach po powstaniu styczniowym (1864-1868). Źródła z Królestwa Polskiego, Litwy i Rusi. Warsztat edytora. Warszawa. [in Polish]. doi: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323552277.pp.91-108
Górak, A., Latawiec, K. (2012). Kancelaria organów władzy w Galicji. Wybór źródeł. Lublin. [in Polish].
Bogdanov, S., Górak, A., Latawiec, K., Legieć, J. (2015). Naczelnicy organów rosyjskiej administracji specjalnej w Królestwie Polskim w latach 1839-1918. Tom I: Ministerstwo Oświecenia Publicznego. Lublin. [in Polish].
Bovua, D. (2020). Trykutnyk Pravoberezhzhia: tsarat, shliakhta i narod. 1793-1914 rr. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Kuznets, T. V. (2005). Naselennia Umanschyny XIX — pochatku XX stolittia. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Kryvosheia, I., Moravets, N. (Ed.). (2017). Polske natsionalne povstannia 1830-1831 rr. na Pravoberezhnii Ukraini: vid mifiv do faktiv: kol. monohrafiia. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Kryvosheia, I. I. (2014). Shliakhta Umanschyny v Sichnevomu povstanni. In: Polske natsionalne povstannia 1863-1864 rr. na Pravoberezhnii Ukraini: vid mifiv do faktiv. Uman. 65-80. [in Ukrainian].
Marahov, G. I. (1967). Polskoe vosstanie 1863 g. na Pravoberezhnoy Ukraine. Kiev. [in Russian].
Bovua, D. (1998). Bytva za zemliu v Ukraini. 1863-1914. Poliaky v sotsio-etnichnykh konfliktakh. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Kenevich, S., Konarskiy, K., Korolyuk, V. (Ed.). (1964). Obshchestvenno-politicheskoe dvizhenie na Ukraine v 1856-1862 gg. Seriya “Vosstanie 1863 g.: Materialy i dokumenty”. T. 1. Kiev. [in Russian].
Getmanskiy, A. E. (2004). Politika Rossii v polskom voprose (60-e gody XIX veka). Voprosy istorii. 5: 24-45. [in Russian].
Kenevich, S., Konarskiy, K., Korolyuk, V. (Ed.). (1964). Vosstanie 1863 g. Seriya “Vosstanie 1863 g.: Materialy i dokumenty”. T. 2. Kiev. [in Russian].
Kryvosheia, I. I. (2009). Umanskyi vasylianskyi monastyr. 1765-1834. Uman. [in Ukrainian].
Khikhlach, B. (2015). Uniatska tserkva na Podilli (1700-1840): vikhy istorii ta sotsiokulturnyi portret. Vinnytsia. [in Ukrainian].
Snaider, T. (2017). Peretvorennia natsii. Polsccha, Ukraina, Lytva, Bilorus. 1569-1999. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Pokhilevich, L. (1864). Skazaniya o naselennyh mestnostyah Kievskoy gubernii, ili Statisticheskie, istoricheskie i tserkovnye zametki o vseh derevnyah, selah, mestechkah i gorodah, v predelah gubernii nahodyashchihsya. Kiev. [in Russian].
Bilousov, Yu. (2000). Kyivsko-Zhytomyrska rymsko-katolytska yeparkhiia: Istorychnyi narys. Zhytomyr. [in Ukrainian].
(1894. 10 avg.). Putnik. Po trem uezdam. Kievskoe slovo. [in Russian].
(1894. 13 avg.). Putnik. Po trem uezdam. Kievskoe slovo. [in Russian].
Podhorski, Z. (1980). Wspomnienia. Pamiętnik Kijowski. London. 4: 39-88. [in Polish].
Kappeler, A. (2005). Rosiia yak polietnichna imperia: Vynyknennia. Istoriia. Rozpad. Lviv. [in Ukrainian].
Dyakov, V. A. (1967). Deyateli russkogo i polskogo osvoboditelnogo dvizheniya v tsarskoy armii 1856-1863 gg.: Bibliograficheskiy slovar. Moskow. [in Russian].
Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiyskoy imperii nachinaya s 1649 g. N 39359. [in Russian].
