Echoes of the National Liberation Movements in the Balkans during the Eastern Crisis of the 1870s in Public and Cultural Life within the Kyiv, Podillia, and Volyn Governorate-General
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2024.06.081Keywords:
national liberation movements, southern Slavs, Balkans, Ottoman Empire, Right-Bank Ukraine, international relations, EuropeAbstract
The goal is to highlight the impact of the rise of the Southern Slavs national liberation movements in the Balkans during the Eastern Crisis of the 1870s on the social and cultural life of Right-Bank Ukraine (based on the materials of Kyiv, Podillia, and Volyn provinces).
The research methodology is based on the principle of historicism, systemic and civilizational approaches, and historical-genetic and comparative-historical methods, which makes it possible to apply the method of critical analysis and interpretation of sources in the historical and cultural context.
Scientific novelty. Based on the analysis of documents of the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv, the State Archives of Kyiv, and the periodicals, the article introduces factual materials that expand the existing ideas in historical science about the participation of the Ukrainian public in the solidarity movement in support of the national liberation struggle of the Southern Slavs in the second half of the 1870s. At the same time, the manifestations of opposition to the Russian Empire’s policy in the Balkans, which have not been adequately addressed in historiography, are considered.
Conclusions. As a result of the rise of the national liberation movements in the Balkans in the 1870s, a wide range of charitable activities to help the South Slavs intensified in the Kyiv, Podillia, and Volyn provinces and became a significant social phenomenon regulated by the state institutions, the church, cultural and educational establishments, the press, and the public. However, simultaneously with the rise of public solidarity with the southern Slavs, there was a lack of awareness and understanding of the nature of the events in the Balkans among the population, especially in rural areas. In parallel with the spread of Slavophile ideas about Russia’s historical mission as a “liberator” and “patroness” of the Slavic peoples, opposition public sentiment and rejection of targeted propaganda about “Slavic unity” as an ideological tool for the Russian Empire’s geopolitical expansion in the Balkans became more relevant.
References
(1952). Sbornik dogovorov Rossii s drugimi gosudarstvami. 1856-1917. Moscow. [in Russian].
Dragomanov, M. (1878). Do chego dovoevalis? Geneva. [in Russian].
Dragomanov, M. (1876). Turki vnutrennie i turki vneshnie. Pismo k izdatelju Novogo vremeni. Geneve-Bale-Lyon. [in Russian].
Dragomanov, M. (1877). Vnutrennee rabstvo i vojna za osvobozhdenie. Geneve-Bale-Lyon. [in Russian].
Sadovskyi, M. (1917). Spomyny z rosiisko-turetskoi viiny 1877-1878. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Meshherskij, V. P. (1898). Moi vospominanija. Chast vtoraja (1865-1881 gg.). St Petersburg. [in Russian].
Kistiakivskyi, O. F. (1994). Shchodennyk (1874-1885). Vol. 1. Kyiv. [in Russian].
Bachinskij, A. D., Dikhan, M. D. (1962). Pomoshch uchjonykh Novorossijskogo universiteta osvoboditelnomu dvizheniju na Balkanah (1875-1877 gg.). Slavjanskij arkhiv. 247-255. [in Russian].
Fomin, Ju. E. (1971). Obshhestvennost' Ukrainy i nacional'no-osvoboditel'noe dvizhenie juzhnyh slavjan v 1875-1878 gg. (Extended abstract of Candidate’s thesis). Kyiv. [in Russian].
Sokhan, P. S. (1976). Ocherki istorii ukrainsko-bolgarskikh svjazej. Kyiv. [in Russian].
Sokhan, P. S. (1978). Natsionalno-osvoboditelnaja borba juzhnoslavjanskikh narodov v 70-kh gg. XIX v. i obshchestvennost Ukrainy. Kyiv. [in Russian].
Zhuk, V. N. (1977). Obshchestvennost Ukrainy v rossijsko-bolgarskikh otnoshenijakh 60-70-kh gg. XIX v. (Extended abstract of Candidate’s thesis). Kyiv. [in Russian].
Kopylov, A. O., Zavodovskyi, A. A. (1999). Vyzvolennia Bolharii vid osmanskoho hnitu ta Ukraina. Ukraina i Bolhariia: vikhy istorychnoi druzhby (materialy mizhnarodnoi konferentsii, prysviachenoi 120-richchiu vyzvolennia Bolharii vid osmanskoho iha). Odesa. 10-14. [in Ukrainian].
Samchuk, V. L. (1999). Hromadskist Ukrainy i natsionalno-vyzvolnyi rukh balkanskykh slovian (70-ti rr. XIX st.). Ukraina i Bolhariia: vikhy istorychnoi druzhby (materialy mizhnarodnoi konferentsii, prysviachenoi 120-richchiu vyzvolennia Bolharii vid osmanskoho iha). Odesa. 44-51. [in Ukrainian].
Piskizhova, V. (2014). Vysvitlennia pytan blahodiinytstva hromadskosti Naddniprianskoi Ukrainy pid chas rosiisko-turetskoi viiny 1877-1878 rr. na storinkakh hazety “Kyevlianyn”. Vidnyanskyj, S. (Ed.). The International relations of Ukraine: scientific searches and findings. 23: 278-294. [in Ukrainian].
Smolii, V. (Ed.). (2022). Perelom: Viina Rosii proty Ukrainy u chasovykh plastakh i prostorakh mynuvshyny. Dialohy z istorykamy. U 2-kh kn. Kn. 1. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Hurzhii, O. I., Reient, O. P. (2023). Slavetna Ukraina: bytvy ta povstannia vid kniazhoi do imperskoi doby. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Hurzhii, O. I., Reient, O. P. (2023). U labiryntakh ukrainskoi dyplomatii. Vid kniazivskoi doby do pochatku XX st. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Vidnianskyi, S. (Ed.). (2020). Ukraina v istorii Yevropy XIX — pochatku XX st.: istorychni narysy. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
(1876). Kievljanin. 19. X. 1. [in Russian].
(1876). Kievljanin. 19. X. 2. [in Russian].
(1876). Kievljanin. 14. VIII. 1. [in Russian].
(1876). Kievljanin. 26. VIII. 2. [in Russian].
(1878). Kievljanin. 17. VI. 2-3. [in Russian].
(1876). Kievljanin. 26. VIII. 2. [in Russian].
