Ukraine in the USA Foreign Policy Strategy: Priorities and Challenges amid the Russo-Ukrainian War (2014-2024)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2024.06.020Keywords:
USA, Ukraine, NATO, national security, foreign policy strategy, Russo-Ukrainian war, American aid to UkraineAbstract
The objective is to study the evolution of USA policy towards Ukraine in the context of the Russo-Ukrainian war, identify the key priorities and challenges that have shaped the interaction between the two countries from 2014 to 2024, and analyze the strategic importance of Ukraine within the framework of American security policy and its geopolitical interests.
The methodology is based on general theoretical principles and concrete-historical research methods aimed at providing an objective analysis of this issue. The use of problem-chronological and comparative historical methods enabled the identification of key thematic aspects, the comparison of different USA administrations’ approaches to Ukraine, and the recognition of trends and changes in foreign policy priorities. The systematic approach allowed for a comprehensive assessment of the political, economic, and military components of American strategy, their interrelationships, and their impact on the regional situation. Content analysis and analytical methods were also applied, facilitating the study of media and expert discourse, as well as the analysis of official documents, strategic plans, statements, and speeches by USA government representatives.
The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive analysis of Ukraine’s place in USA foreign policy strategy from 2014 to 2024, with an emphasis on systematizing the approaches of various USA administrations, examining changes in their policies, and determining the influence of domestic and international factors on the formation of this strategy.
The authors conclude that Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine has significantly impacted the international security system, violating the fundamental principles of international law. The United States provided active political, military, and financial assistance to Ukraine. From 2014 to 2024, USA support for Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity remained a key element of its foreign policy strategy, although approaches to providing assistance evolved over time. The B. Obama administration emphasized the diplomatic resolution of the conflict and support for reforms while limiting military aid. Meanwhile, the United States, along with other Western countries, imposed sanctions against Russia to punish it for its aggression and to prevent further escalation. In contrast, the D. Trump administration focused on security issues and agreed to provide lethal weapons. Despite differences in views between D. Trump and his administration, the overall policy of supporting Ukraine was maintained, including sanctions against Russia, financial and military assistance, and support for reforms. The J. Biden administration’s foreign policy strategy regarding Ukraine was multi-faceted and aimed at providing substantial support to Kyiv in resisting Russian aggression, combining military, economic, diplomatic, and humanitarian aid while also emphasizing international coordination and pressure on Russia through sanctions. A crucial factor in strengthening Ukraine’s defense capabilities and security was the allocation of regular military aid packages, which led to the gradual increase in the supply of heavy weaponry and advanced systems. Despite this, the J. Biden administration faced criticism for lacking a clear strategy for Ukraine’s victory, concerns about Russian escalation, and the resulting slow process of providing weapons.
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