CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOSARCOMA, TREATMENT REGIME, AND SURVIVAL

Abstract

Summary. Aim: to investigate the age structure, frequency and nature of comorbidities, distribution by disease stage, degree of tumor differentiation, variants of the mesenchymal component, to analyze surgical tactics and types of adjuvant treatment, as well as overall and recurrence-free survival rates of patients with endometrial carcinosarcoma (EC) to determine factors that affect the effectiveness of treatment. Objects and methods: a retrospective analysis of 51 patients with stage I–IV uterine carcinosarcoma treated at the Precarpathian Clinical Oncology Center (2013–2024) was performed. The analysis included age, comorbidities, long-term hormone replacement therapy, mesenchymal component type, tumor grade, FIGO-2023 stage, surgical intervention, and adjuvant therapy. Results: the mean age was 66.3 ± 1.2 years; most patients (43%) were 61–69 years old. Advanced stages were predominant: IIIA–IIIC (35%) and IVA–IVB (30%). Metabolic syndrome (68%), type II diabetes (34%), and hypertension (23%) were common. Poorly differentiated tumors (G3) accounted for 49%, and homologous mesenchymal components were found in 82%. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 53%, while chemoradiotherapy was given to 47%. Overall survival reached 49 months, and disease-free survival 47 months. Conclusions: EC demonstrates aggressive behavior, late diagnosis, and poor survival. Findings highlight the need for improving diagnostic approaches and identifying prognostic biomarkers.