Food Situation in the Cities of the UkrSSR During the “Communist Attack” in 1929–1932
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2020.06.004Keywords:
Communist Attack, card system of normalized supply of goods, product provision of workers on a production-class principle, cateringAbstract
The purpose of the study is to study of the financial situation of Ukrainian workers during the Stalin communist assurance, to prove that as a result of the economic crisis, the product supply of workers on cards and in public cafes has deteriorated.
In scientific research, the author relied on the basic principles of historical science – objectivity and historicism. The problem-chronological approach was used to determine the structure of the studio.
Scientific novelty. The author proposes to consider the lack of food and hunger in the cities among the workers of UkrSSR in the first half of the 1930s because of the Communist Attack and the forcible seizure of bread by peasants. The bread confiscated from the peasants went abroad. The currency from the sale of grain was used to build of buildings of the first five-year. The state financed huge capital investments by issuing additional amounts of money not covered by commodities that caused inflation and, as a result, the economic crisis. Inflation has increased free market prices. In the context of forced harvests and the economic crisis, the state lacked bread for the normal supply of urban workers, so it introduced of the centralized distribution of products and then gradually withdrew a number of categories of workers from centralized supply. Author put into circulation the archival documents on the food supply policy of the townspeople (who were mostly workers) during the Communist Attack, indicating on the manifestations of starvation in the cities of the Ukrainian SSR. She calculated indicators of the real state of food supply for workers of industrial enterprises in Ukrainian cities, determined the state of catering, monitored the ability of workers and their dependents to survive during the forced industrialization, determined that the acute food crisis of the first half of the 1930s caused famine among urban workers of the UkrSSR.
Conclusion. Based on the study of new archival documents and the analysis of statistics and memoirs, the author has shown that in the early 1930s, the government of a totalitarian Soviet state, due to the economic crisis, was unable to provide industrial workers and their dependents with food either at work or outside. In the face of acute food shortages in the cities of Soviet Ukraine, a large number of townspeople and peasants were starving, trying to escape the famine by overcoming the blockade and walking into the cities.
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