Industrial Processes in the Western Region of the Ukrainian SSR: Successes and Failures
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2022.02.091Keywords:
western regions of the UkrSSR, industrialization, industry, agriculture, power plants, factories, plants, party-state apparatusAbstract
The article is dedicated to the experience generalization of the economic policy of the Soviet government.
The purpose of the article is to highlight the general trends and features of the structural changes during the implementation of industrialization in the western regions of the Ukrainian SSR, its achievements and shortcomings.
The research methodology is based on the fundamental principles of objectivity and historicism, such as the consideration of individual phenomena and processes in their development and in close connection with the system of corresponding social relations. Historical phenomena are considered against the background of political processes, which implies the use of comparative analysis method, which allowed to clarify the essence of the economic priorities that were decisive for the Soviet period and determined the strategy for the formation of industries and everyday life patterns in the western region of Ukraine throughout the Soviet era.
Scientific novelty. For the first time in historiography, a comprehensive study of the mechanism of rapid industrialization of the western regions of the Ukrainian SSR was carried out, which was based on the “electrical equipment” in all sectors of the economy, due to structural changes, an increase in the share of energy-intensive industries, an increase in energy consumption for production in traditional industries – forestry, paper and woodworking, oil and gas, chemical mining complex.
Conclusions. The process of industrialization of the western region of Ukraine was accompanied by large-scale construction of power plants, factories, reconstruction and technical re-equipment of workplaces, which contributed to the economic development of the region, employment of the population, and the creation of an industrial base from local resources. The western region of the republic developed at an accelerated pace, however, the low level of technology, imperfection of technology reduced the economic efficiency. At the same time, the main natural resources (oil, gas, potash salts, ozokerite, sulfur, coal) were depleted. It was fundamentally impossible to incorporate the market elements in the centrally planned economy, since everything was decided not by the manufacturers but by the party-state apparatus.
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