Rear militia as a structural unit in the state system of forced labor and a tool for organizing the daily life of the "deprived" of the Ukrainian SSR (1920–1937)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2018.05.058Keywords:
rear militia, disenfranchised (lishentsy), mobilization, clergy, Gulag.Abstract
This article is the first attempt in Ukrainian historiography to open a heretofore unknown page of the communist civilization – the so called rear militia in the workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army. Using a wealth of material from archives in Russia and Ukraine, the author examines the purpose, structure and functions of the subunit of the vast unfree labor system that was a paramilitary branch of the Gulag and a precursor of the Soviet Army’s construction battalions. Private correspondence and memoirs provide pioneering insights into the everyday life of lishentsy (disenfranchised) militiamen, including the children of clergymen. The study gives additional reasons to state that unfree labor in the Red Army system was a tool of comprehensive communist manual-mode social engineering using party and government decrees, state terror, and specific propaganda techniques typical of closed militarized communities.
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