The Struggle of the Crimean Tatars for Return to the Motherland (1956–1989)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2018.02.075Keywords:
deportation of the Crimean Tatars, petition campaigns, initiative groups, dissident movement, passport system for the population of Crimea with a passport registration, Organization of the Crimean Tatar National Movement.Abstract
The article analyzes the main stages and legitimacies of the struggle of the deported people for return to their historical homeland. This struggle became possible after the publication of the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR “On Removing Restrictions on Special Settlements of the Crimean Tatars, Balkars, Turks – the Citizens of the USSR, Kurds, Hemshinli, and Members of their Families Evicted during the Great Patriotic War” of April 28, 1956. However the decree deprived the Crimean Tatars of the right to compensation for lost property upon eviction and closed the path to return to their historic homeland. Only in November 1989 the Supreme Soviet of the USSR adopted a Declaration on the complete political rehabilitation of the people who were subjected to forced migration, which allowed the Crimean Tatars to return to Crimea. The 33-year struggle for returning to homeland gave the indigenous people of Crimea a monolithic unity and gained wide publicity both in the Soviet Union and abroad, in many countries of Europe and North America. In fact, the deported people in different places of their settlement turned into a united dissident nation, which contributed significantly to the collapse of the Russian-Soviet Empire.
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