Formation of Geohistory As an Interdisciplinary Direction in French Humanities of the Second Half of the Twentieth Century
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2021.02.154Keywords:
geohistory, geopolitics, geoecomony, longue durée, Braudel, Chaunu, Le Roy Ladurie, Le GoffAbstract
The purpose of the article is to determine the principal theoretical and methodological approaches to geohistory. The following tasks were set for this purpose: revealing the essence of the epistemology of this interdisciplinary science at the time of its foundation; a brief analysis of the principal works of F.Braudel, P.Chaunu, E. Le Roy Ladurie, J. Le Goff.
The methodology is pointed out that in contemporary Ukrainian historical science, studies of the economic past from the point of view of interdisciplinary scientific developments are rare exceptions to the general trend of research and interpretation of mainstream political processes, events and phenomena of the past. In general, they are carried out on the basis of traditional positions.
The novelty – originality and epistemological integrity of the geohistorical approach is internationally recognized by the world scientific community. Its implementation in national research, particularly in the field of history and geography, will lead to a better understanding not only of Ukraine’s economic development in the past, but also to a better perception of relevant current processes. The epistemological specificity of the research of F.Braudel and his disciples P.Chaunu, E. Le Roy Ladurie, J. Le Goff is well present.
Conclusion. This stage in the development of geohistory as a scientific direction is characterized by the following epistemological characteristics: geohistory is considered a historical science based on methods and knowledge of physical geography to reveal the characteristics of the impact on human civilization during the “longue durée” of the fundamental characteristics of climate, terrain, natural features of large physical and geographical regions of the world; the theoretical basis of the direction is the category of “longue durée”, which is revealed by the study of the basic structures of society, which form the superstructures – civilization and world economy, leading to the emergence of globalization as an integration process; the low variability of historical processes (mainly the social, demographic, economic foundations of traditional society) has made it possible to justify the thesis of the “longest Middle Ages” as a specific phenomenon in the development of the civilization of Western Europe.
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