MARKERS OF BONE TISSUE REMODELING IN CARCINOGENESIS, TUMOR PROGRESSION AND METASTASIS: DISCOURSE OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF USE IN CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32471/oncology.2663-7928.t-24-3-2022-g.10813Keywords:
breast cancer, cancer course prognosis, metastasis, prostate cancer, proteins and genes of bone tissue remodeling, tumor progressionAbstract
We carried out the analysis of the data of fundamental developments and clinical observations regarding the role of the main matricellular markers of bone tissue remodeling (OPN, ON, BMP-7). Based on available data we were able to discuss an idea of the molecular portraits of each of them, the spectrum of functions related to the process of carcinogenesis, tumor progression and metastasis. Common features and distinctive characteristics of both structural and functional characteristics of these biopolymers were determined. It is established that OPN, ON, BMP-7 are multifunctional proteins that perform certain functions and are differently expressed in normal tissues and during their malignant transformation. We demonstrated that both tumor and mesenchymal cells, in particular tumor-associated fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, macrophages, and lymphocytes secrete bone tissue remodeling proteins. In the review we highlighted the mechanisms by which the most important biological processes in the occurrence and progression of tumors are carried out with the participation of one or another remodeling marker with the involvement of relevant signaling pathways: proliferation, invasion, cell migration, apoptosis, metastasis, etc. The relationship between the level of expression of each protein and the degree of tumor malignancy is shown, in particular, on tissue cultures of patients with breast cancer and prostate cancer. All of the above became the basis for conducting a more specific justification, clinical verification and confirmation of the possibilities of applying the results of fundamental research on remodeling markers in oncological practice for diagnosis, cancer course prognosis and determining new approaches in the treatment of patients.
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