NOVEL DIFFERENTIATION ANTIGENS OF NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC HEMATOPOIETIC AND LYMPHOID CELLS (ACCORDING TO HLDA9 and HLDA10 INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOPS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32471/oncology.2663-7928.t-21-3-2019-g.7326Keywords:
cell surface antigens, leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndromes, clinical laboratory diagnostics, immunophenotyping.Abstract
Summary. The development of the methods for monoclonal antibody (MAb) production revolutionized the
immunology as well as other fields of biology and medicine. The hybridome technology contributed to the largescale production of highly sensitive reagents capable to
react with the antigens of surface membrane of leukocytes and cells of other tissues and organs in a highly
specific manner. However, the MAbs of the same specificity obtained in different laboratories were labeled under different names. This problem was largely resolved
when the classification (nomenclature) of the human
leukocyte antigens identified with the aid of the MAbs
of the same specificity was adopted by the International Union of Immunological Societies and approved by
World Health Organization. The review systematizes the
current information about novel clusters of differentiation (CD) comprising 27 human leukocyte differentiation antigens (HLDA) accepted on the 9-th and 10-th
HLDA International Workshops (2010 and 2014). The
data on the genes coding for CD molecules, their families, chromosome location and mRNA expression in organs and tissues have been presented. The information
on molecular weight of CD molecules, their tissue specificity and subcellular localization, the functions of these
molecules and the key mechanisms involved in their realizations has been reported. The special emphasis is
focused on the possible clinical applications of the novel CD in oncohematology for diagnosis and prognostication of the diseases as well as the targets for therapy. The data summarized in the article improve the upto-date knowledge on the mechanisms of the initiation
and progression of the tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues allowing for the advancement in differential diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of hematological malignancies.
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