ELECTROKINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LEUKEMIC CELLS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32471/oncology.2663-7928.t-22-1-2020-g.8728Keywords:
acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia, B-cell lymphoma from mantle zone cells, lymphocytes, total surface charge, ζ-potentialAbstract
Objective: to study and compare the electrokinetic properties of mononuclear cells and B-lymphocytes of peripheral blood (PB) of practically healthy people and patients with malignant neoplasms of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. Object and methods: we used 25 samples of PB of patients (15 males, 10 females) with different types of oncohematological diseases, in the age range from 40 to 73 years. With B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia (B-CLL) — 8 people; 12 — with acute leukemia (AML) (M1 — 2, M4 — 2 and M5 — 8); 2 — with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); 3 — with B-cell lymphoma from the cells of the mantle zone (B-MCL). Mononuclear cells were isolated from PB using the density gradient of ficoll-verografin, B-lymphocytes — using the method of rosette formation. Electrokinetic parameters (values of ζ-potential and density of total surface charge (TSC)) were determined by the linear velocity of cells in an electric field, using the equations adopted in such studies. Results: B-lymphocytes of practically healthy donors have significantly higher values of ζ-potential and negative TSC than lymphocytes of patients with B-MCL and even blast cells of patients with AML. Electrokinetic characteristics of lymphocytes of patients with B-CLL did not differ statistically significantly from the characteristics of the general pool of mononuclear cells of almost healthy people, but were significantly lower than those of B-lymphocytes. It has shown the difference in the electrokinetic characteristics of blasts with variant level of differentiation, which originate from different hematopoietic progenitor cells in AML M1 and AML M5. Blast cells without signs of maturation (AML M1) have 1.5 times greater ζ-potential and negative TSC than blasts in AML M5. For lymphocytes of patients diagnosed with B-CLL and AML M5, a single-modal profile of ζ-potential distribution was revealed. Analysis of the ζ-potential distribution of lymphocytes in patients with B-MCL shows a tendency to a bimodal profile of the frequency distribution of cells by ζ-potential, which may be the result of transformation of lymphoma cells to leukemia cells. Conclusion: the possibility of using electrokinetic parameters as an additional source of information about the surface condition of malignantly transformed cells of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors is shown.
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