THE RENAISSANCE OF RESEARCH OF THE MORPHOFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF THE TUMOR STROML FRAMEWORK IN STRATEGIES FOR ADDRESSING CLINICAL ONCOLOGY CHALLENGES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/oncology.2025.01.005Keywords:
tumor, stromal framework, tumor microenvironment, molecular markers, microbiome, diagnostics, prognosisAbstract
Summary. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the stromal framework (SF) of the tumor site is one of the key components and factors in the transformation and aggressive behavior of malignant cells. Through retrospective and prospective analyses, the role of the Ukrainian scientific school of Bohomolets-Kavetsky in the evolution of understanding the role of connective tissue (CT) in the onset and progression of malignant tumors has been elucidated. It has been proven that CT is a complex and multifaceted network of cells and their regulatory factors that form the extracellular matrix, providing communication between various tissue components in shaping the key mechanisms of the body’s antitumor resistance. As research has progressed, it has become clear that CT performs both a structural and formative role and protective and metabolic functions. The disorganization of proliferative, cytomorphological, adhesive, and migratory processes is associated with the formation of molecular-biological attributes of the tumor microenvironment, which plays a dominant role in the progression of cancer. The statement by O.O. Bohomolets that “the fight against cancer must be a fight for healthy connective tissue” acquires new meaning within the modern strategy for solving problems in clinical oncology. The variability of the structural-functional turbulence of the stromal cytoskeleton is largely influenced by the components of the tumor microenvironment microbiome. In the process of metabolic symbiosis of these components, immunoreactive (“hot”) and immunotolerant (“cold”) phenotypes of malignant cells are formed, along with favorable conditions for their further dissemination. The identification of molecular-biological and structural-functional changes in the stromal cytoskeleton of the tumor site may become an innovative platform for the development of novel targeted therapies, which will help solve current problems in clinical oncology.
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