The Use of the Name “Ukraine” in International Agreements of the Zaporizhzhia Army With the Kingdom of Sweden, the Ottoman Empire, And the Crimean Khanate (1710-1712)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2024.01.057Keywords:
Ukraine, concept, Ottoman Empire, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, Zaporizhzhia Army, Pylyp Orlyk, linguistic construction, international treaties., Ukraine, concept, Ottoman Empire, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, Zaporizhzhia Army, Pylyp Orlyk, linguistic construction, international treatiesAbstract
The purpose is to study the transformation of the politico-legal status of the Zaporizhzhia Army in international relations at the beginning of the 18th century, which was caused by the military and diplomatic confrontation of the allied coalition of Cossack Ukraine, the Swedish Kingdom, the Ottoman Empire, and the Crimean Khanate against the Tsardom of Muscovy. Emphasis was placed on highlighting the use of the name Ukraine by the office of the Hetman’s government P. Orlyk in in regard to peace treaty formation with Stockholm, Istanbul, and Bakhchysarai.
Methodological approaches consist of highlighting these historical problems through the prism of conceptual history, and the author of the article reveals them using the diachronic-semantic method in the direction of historical-linguistic analysis of lexemes with the words Ukraine and Ukrainian that were used in international treaties of 1710-1712.
Scientific novelty. It is proven that considering the war between the Zaporizhzhia Army, the Swedish Kingdom, the Ottoman Empire, the Crimean Khanate on the one hand, and the Muscovy State and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (King Augustus II), Hetman P. Orlyk recognized the simultaneous protection of the Swedish king and the Turkish sultan.
The conclusions of historians regarding the study of the international treaties texts and diplomatic acts of Ukraine with Sweden, Turkey, and Crimea were updated. Conclusions. It was determined that in the texts of treaties and diplomacy of the Hetman government with its allies during the studied historical period, the polytonym Ukraine was repeatedly used as a synonym for the conceptual name of the Zaporizhzhia Army state. The hetman government of P. Orlyk used this polytonym in the international agreements and acts concluded by the Zaporizhzhia Army with the Kingdom of Sweden, the Ottoman Empire, and the Crimean Khanate during 1710-1712 to mark the territory that was under the rule of Hetman I. Mazepa and his predecessors during the second half of the 17th and early 18th centuries. At the same time, in the royal chancelleries of Stockholm, Istanbul, and Bakhchysarai, in diplomatic acts, such official conceptual combinations of the words Ukraine and Ukrainian as agreed with the Hetman government of the Zaporizhzhia Army were used, such as Ukraine and the Zaporizhzhia Army, Ukrainian people, Hetman Ukrainian and Zaporizhzhia Cossacks, Ukraine on both sides of the Dnipro, Dnipro Ukraine, Ukrainian and Zaporizhzhia Cossacks, Ukrainian merchants, etc.
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