Historical Interpretation of the Past: The Way of Mental Enslavement or Liberation?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2020.02.187Ключові слова:
historical memory, social memory, violence, manipulation, historical interpretation, historiography, mentalityАнотація
The purpose of this study is to find out the role of a professional researcher in historical interpretation of the past, to analyze projected threats that deal with speculation of historical facts, events, their arbitrary use, deliberate distortion of them for the formation of historical and social memory.
The research methodology. The research is based on the principles of historicism, comprehensiveness, objectivity and systemacity. General scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, specialhistorical (retrospective, comparative, problem-chronological), as well as the method of interdisciplinary and polydisciplinary synthesis are used in the presentation of the material.
The scientific novelty. The roles that a professional researcher of the past can play – from the propaganda of hostile ideas, selective interpretation of sources, speculation on a certain topic – to an impartial re-enactor, a competent expert are analyzed. It is proved that suppression or deliberate distortion of particular pages of history, or their excessive ideologization, which was actively practiced in the Soviet science, equates with political violence, the manipulation of the consciousness of entire communities and generations. The use of such approaches has always been destructive in nature for researchers, who fulfilled the functions unusual to them, and for society, which, because of ignorance of its own past, is losing the vision of its future now.
Conclusions. Consequently, manipulations with the interpretation of the past – different understanding of the same milestone events, excessive politicization of them, promotion of the enemy’s image, deliberate emphasis on human emotions, ideological layers associated with a particular page of people’s life – have an irreversible impact on the formation of social memory of Ukrainians. These factors contribute to deepening the processes of disintegration of society and indirectly strike at the foundations of nationhood.
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