State Gendarmerie of WUPR–WR UPR: Organization and Institutionalization (1918–1919)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2021.03.049Keywords:
Western Ukrainian People’s Republic (WUPR), Western Region of Ukrainian People’s Republic (WR UPR), state gendarmerie, field guard, people’s guardAbstract
The purpose of the article is to cover the process of formation of the Ukrainian state gendarmerie of Western Ukrainian People’s Republic during 1918–1919.
The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, multifactorial and comprehensive analysis, as well as modern terminology. System and structural methods are used.
Scientific novelty. On the basis of archival, some of which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, and published sources, the organizational and legal principles of establishing the institute and structures of the state gendarmerie in the WUPR–WR UPR – are analyzed. Statistical data on the quantitative and territorial composition of the gendarmerie service are given. The locations of the gendarmerie, its number, governing bodies, functions, duties and tasks of this law enforcement service are indicated. It was noted who could serve in the ranks of the state gendarmerie and what were the requirements for candidates for gendarmes. Particular attention is paid to the maintenance of gendarmes, their salaries, benefits and surcharges, the level of food security and more. The role of the gendarmerie is indicated both in peacetime and during hostilities.
The conclusion indicates the incompleteness of the process of formation of the state gendarmerie, its reformatting and re-subordination during the military failures of the Ukrainian Halychyna Army and, finally, liquidation due to the fall of Western Ukrainian statehood.
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