COVID-19 ТА РАК: НАУКОВО-КЛІНІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32471/oncology.2663-7928.t-24-2-2022-g.10627Ключові слова:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, вакцини проти COVID-19, злоякісні новоутворення, фактори ризикуАнотація
Проведено аналіз наукових публікацій щодо однієї з найбільш актуальних медико-соціальних проблем ХХІ ст. — захворювання населення багатьох країн світу на COVID-19, збудник якого (SARS-CoV-2) здатний до мутації та появи нових швидкорозповсюджуваних вірулентних штамів. Розглянуто питання патогенетичного зв’язку між COVID-19 та раком, можливі молекулярні механізми, що зумовлюють сприйнятливість хворих зі злоякісними новоутвореннями до інфікування SARS-CoV-2. Визначено, що клінічні прояви COVID-19 мають ряд відмінностей у хворих з різними формами злоякісних новоутворень. Зокрема, акцентовано увагу на тяжкому перебігу хвороби у пацієнтів з гематологічними злоякісними новоутвореннями. Окремо розглядаються питання, пов’язані з ефективністю, безпекою, імуногенністю найбільш поширених на сьогодні у світі вакцин проти коронавірусу на підставі багатоцентрових порівняльних досліджень, проведених на великих популяціях хворих на рак і осіб без пухлинної патології. Показано, що вакцини здатні підвищувати як гуморальний, так і клітинний противірусний імунітет у пацієнтів онкологічного профілю, і що дотримання універсальних методів профілактики і вакцинація — це єдині стратегії попередження захворювання під час пандемії COVID-19.
Посилання
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