FEATURES OF THE LEGAL REGULATION OF URBAN-ECOLOGICAL RELATIONS DURING THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2022.03.027Keywords:
legal regulation, urban-ecological relations, russian-Ukrainian war, ecological safety of the city, military influenceAbstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of the legal regulation of urban-ecological relations during the russian-Ukrainian war (2014-2022). It has been revealed that the directions of development of the system of urban-ecological security, laid down in the current strategies of the national, sectorial, and regional levels, without taking into account the unprecedented military impact on the environment, should be considered rather fragmented and not fully in line with the European integration aspirations of Ukraine. It was revealed that the formation of the legal framework for urban-ecological relations at the level of individual cities and urban facilities took place before the start of full-scale aggression, mainly in areas related to water supply and water resources, protection of atmospheric air and historical monuments, land use, landscaping, urban monitoring, digitalization, cross-border cooperation. In the case of a techno- or anthropogenic impact, it is proposed to proceed from the presence of a composition of impact relations, in which the active action of the subject of influence (the subject of the origin of the impact) on the object of influence can have consequences for the subject of perception (the subject affected by the influence) through the object of perception. The prospects for the legal regulation of relations on compensation for environmental damage and damage caused by military influence, which are accompanied by a certain inconsistency, are given. In particular, after the adoption of relevant normative legal acts of a sub-legal nature, the question arose of consideration of laws on: 1) compensation for damage caused to the victim as a result of armed aggression, 2) legalization of loss calculation methods in accordance with internationally recognized ones, 3) the mechanism of confiscation of the property of the aggressor country in order to carry out work on the restoration of Ukraine, 4) digitalization of data on the damage caused and the profile of the victim.
References
Kononenko O. Ekolohooriientovanyi rozvytok mist: teoretychni pidkhody ta dosvid formuvannia. Visnyk Kyivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni Tarasa Shevchenka. Heohrafiia. 2014. Iss. 1. P. 22-25 [in Ukrainian].
Serdiuk T.V., Potapova T.E., Kobylianskyi V.O. & Barmaliuk V.M. Aktualni mistobudivelni modeli ekolohizatsii mist (ekopolisy yak poselennia novoho typu). Suchasni tekhnolohii, materialy i konstruktsii v budivnytstvi. 2018. No. 1. P. 79-86 [in Ukrainian].
Hobela V.V. Ekonomiko-bezpekova ekolohizatsiia: teoriia i praktyka. Lviv: LvDUVS, 2021. 244 p. [in Ukrainian].
Hulak O.O. Realizatsiia ekolohichnoi polityky na mistsevomu ta rehionalnomu rivniakh. Visnyk Luhanskoho derzhavnoho universytetu vnutrishnikh sprav imeni E.O. Didorenka. 2020. No. 2 (90). P. 182-195. https://doi.org/10.33766/2524-0323.90.182-195 [in Ukrainian].
Briushkova N.O., Udovytsia O.F. Realizatsiia derzhavnoi ekolohichnoi polityky na rivni terytorialnykh hromad. Derzhavne upravlinnia: udoskonalennia ta rozvytok. 2019. No. 3. https://doi.org/10.32702/2307-2156-2019.3.25 [in Ukrainian].
Kres O.V. Pravove rehuliuvannia urboekolohii za zakonodavstvom Ukrainy ta Nimechchyny. Pravovi ta instytutsiini mekhanizmy zabezpechennia rozvytku Ukrainy v umovakh yevropeiskoi intehratsii: materialy Mizhnar. nauk.-praktych. konf. (m. Odesa, 18 trav. 2018 r.). U 2-kh t. Vol. 1. Vidp. red. H.O. Ulianova. Odesa: Helvetyka, 2018. P. 589-591 [in Ukrainian].
Siriachenko I.I. Suchasnyi stan pravovoho rehuliuvannia ekolohichnoi bezpeky naselenykh punktiv Ukrainy ta pidkhodiv do stvorennia pravovoi urboekolohii v Ukraini. Vplyv intehratsiinykh tendentsii na rozvytok vitchyznianoho prava: materialy vseukr. nauk.-praktych. internet-konf. (m. Odesa, 24 liut. 2017 r.). Red. kol. V.P. Makovii ta in. ODUVS. Odesa, 2017. P. 136-137 [in Ukrainian].
Kartashov Ye.H. Mekhanizmy derzhavnoho upravlinnia ekolohichnoiu bezpekoiu v Ukraini yak umova formuvannia stiikykh rehionalnykh ekoloho-ekonomichnykh system. Naukovyi visnyk Akademii munitsypalnoho upravlinnia. Seriia: Upravlinnia. 2014. Iss. 1. P. 139-147 [in Ukrainian].
Kostytskyi V.V. Ekolohiia perekhidnoho periodu: pravo, derzhava, ekonomika (Ekonomiko-pravovyi mekhanizm okhorony navkolyshnoho pryrodnoho seredovyshcha v Ukraini). IZP i PE. Kyiv, 2003. 772 p. [in Ukrainian].
Kostytskyi V.V. Pytannia poniattia ta predmeta povitrianoho prava Ukrainy. Yurydychnyi visnyk. Povitriane i kosmichne pravo. 2007. No. 4 (5). P. 4-9 [in Ukrainian].
Medvedieva M.O. Do pytannia pro pravovi naslidky ahresii RF dlia dovkillia Ukrainy. Aktualni problemy mizhnarodnykh vidnosyn. 2015. No. 126. Ch. I. P. 79-92 [in Ukrainian].
Mykulets V.Iu. Pravovi aspekty vymohy kompensatsii ekolohichnoi shkody vnaslidok viiny RF v Ukraini. Naukovi pratsi Natsionalnoho aviatsiinoho universytetu. Seriia: Yurydychnyi visnyk “Povitriane i kosmichne pravo”. 2022. No. 2 (63). P. 23-29. https://doi.org/10.18372/2307-9061.63.16705
Bukanov H.M. Stratehichni instrumenty realizatsii derzhavnoi ekolohichnoi polityky v Ukraini. Publichne administruvannia: teoriia ta praktyka. 2019. Iss. 2 (22). P. 1-11 [in Ukrainian].
Climate Forum East. What we do. URL: https://climateforumeast.org/
Poslanie byvshego General'nogo sekretarja Kofi Annana v svjazi s Mezhdunarodnym dnem predotvrashhenija jekspluatacii okruzhajushhej sredy vo vremja vojny i vooruzhennyh konfliktov. 06.11.2006. Organizacija Ob#edinennyh Nacij. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/sg/annan_messages/2006/envconflict06.shtml [in Russian].
Shulha Ye.V. Mizhnarodno-pravova okhorona navkolyshnoho seredovyshcha vid vplyvu viiskovykh konfliktiv: problemy efektyvnosti. Mizhnarodnyi naukovyi zhurnal “Internauka”. Seriia: Yurydychni nauky. 2017. No. 1. P. 63-69 [in Ukrainian].
Ukraina zafiksuvala ponad 100 vypadkiv ekotsydu z momentu rosiiskoho vtorhnennia. Informatsiine ahentstvo “Interfaks-Ukraina”. 06.04.2022. URL: https://interfax.com.ua/news/general/821696.html [in Ukrainian].
LIFE Programme: More than €290 million in EU funding for nature, environment and climate action projects. European Commission. 25 November 2021. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_21_6178
Vpershe u sviti: Ukraina mozhe otrymaty reparatsii za shkodu ekolohii. Rubryka. 06.04.2022. URL: https://rubryka.com/2022/04/06/vpershe-u-sviti-ukrayina-mozhe-otrymaty-reparatsiyi-za-shkodu-ekologiyi/ [in Ukrainian].
Omelchuk O., Sadohurska S. Pryroda stohne vid viiny: yak viiskove vtorhnennia Rosii vplyvaie na dovkillia Ukrainy. Dzerkalo Tyzhnia. 27.03.2022. URL: https://zn.ua/ukr/ECOLOGY/priroda-stohne-vid-vijni.html [in Ukrainian]. 21. Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Military Activities During the Yugoslavia Conflict. Preliminary Findings. 30 June 1999. URL: https://reliefweb.int/report/albania/assessment-environmental-impact-military-activitiesduring-yugoslavia-conflict
Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment. UN Environmental Programme. URL: https://www.unep.org/explore-topics/disasters-conflicts/where-we-work/cote-divoire/post-conflict-environmental
Proiekt Zakonu pro vidshkoduvannia shkody, zavdanoi poterpilomu vnaslidok zbroinoi ahresii Rosiiskoi Federatsii, reiestr. No. 7385 vid 17.05.2022. Ofitsiinyi veb-portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL: http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb2/webproc4_1?pf3511=74243 [in Ukrainian].
Rada maie ukhvalyty zakon pro lehalizatsiiu metodyky narakhuvannia zbytkiv vid vtorhnennia RF. Informatsiine ahentstvo “Interfaks-Ukraina”. 04.07.2022. URL: https://ua.interfax.com.ua/news/general/843639.html [in Ukrainian].
Yevrokomisar Sinkiavichius: Yevrosoiuz ta Ukraina posyliat partnerstvo v pytanni pisliavoiennoho vidnovlennia dovkillia. Ofitsiinyi portal Ministerstva zakhystu dovkillia ta pryrodnykh resursiv Ukrainy. 23.06.2022. URL: https://mepr.gov.ua/news/39333.html?fbclid=IwAR1kv8n2AFqZwpLUCQmQafNQ9o_5uvov8KOjfkg3LWexp1a_
siay2A3V1hM [in Ukrainian].
