STATE CLIMATE POLICY OF UKRAINE: LEGAL EVOLUTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2025.02.101Keywords:
state climate policy, climate legislation, climate change, economic activityAbstract
The article is devoted to the historical and legal aspect of regulating relations arising during the formation and implementation of state climate policy. The analysis of the evolution of legal regulation of relations on climate issues, the formation of state climate policy in terms of all its aspects, showed that this path was long and thorny. The legal basis on which the national climate policy in Ukraine was formed and implemented was international climate acts, namely: the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change of 1992, the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change of 1997 and the Paris Climate Agreement of 2015. The author analyzed a significant array of regulatory legal acts over a period of more than 30 years. Based on the conducted research, the main periods in the formation of state climate policy and its regulatory and legal support were identified, and the transformation of state legislation was also shown, from fragmentary regulation of individual issues in the climate sphere to the adoption of a systemic legislative act - the Law of Ukraine "On the Basic Principles of State Climate Policy", the key goals of which are to determine the legal and organizational principles of state climate policy aimed at ensuring low-carbon and sustainable development of Ukraine, its environmental, food and energy security, and the fulfillment of Ukraine's international obligations in the field of climate change. Thus, today, the legal basis for regulating relations arising during the formation and implementation of state climate policy, in addition to the specified law, is the Constitution of Ukraine, the Forest Code of Ukraine, the Land Code of Ukraine, the Water Code of Ukraine, the Subsoil Code of Ukraine, the laws of Ukraine, international treaties of Ukraine, the consent to the binding nature of which was granted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, and other regulatory and legal acts of Ukraine.
A conclusion was drawn on the formation of the legal institute of climate norms in Ukraine.
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