INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT: UKRAINIAN CONTEXT

Abstract

Reorientation and activation of the use of new technologies and robotics, networking and intellectualization of economic processes become necessary in the process of transition to the knowledge economy. Under these conditions, only innovatively active economies are competitive, which actualizes the role of intellectual factors in the structure of the country’s economy and the state strategies for their use. In view of this, the author substantiates increasing role of intellectualization in the development of the national economies in the context of the current globalization challenges. Classical factors of intellectualization primarily include education; however, in modern conditions it undergoes significant changes and ceases to be the only driving force for the development of society. As a result of the analysis of the role and dynamics of the share of education in the structure of domestic GDP, it was concluded that they were gradually decreasing. The author determines indicators of Ukraine’s readiness to increase competitiveness, characterizes the status and dynamics of the main indicators of the estimation of intellectual potential of the country and carries out their qualitative analysis. These indicators primarily include indicators in the field of the R&D; among them are the network of scientific institutions, the financing of education and science, the structure and quality of scientific personnel, etc. It is determined that all indicators can be divided into basic and resultant ones. The author has carried out the cluster analysis of the countries of the world by the level of expenditures on the R&D (which allowed the identification of the five major groups of countries), as well as the comparative analysis of the countries-leaders and Ukraine by the number of researchers involved in the R&D. The main directions for raising the level of intellectual potential of Ukraine and the effectiveness of its implementation are proposed, among which, in particular, are public-private partnership, co-financing, activation of business involvement in the scientific sector.