DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE CONCEPTS IN UKRAINE

Abstract

Innovative development is a defining characteristic of developed societies. At the moment, innovations remain an issue demanded not only by the economy, but also by the entire society. In recent decades in Ukraine, several conceptual models of innovative development were determined in the normative documents; however, they have not succeeded in achieving their implementation.
The purpose of the article is to study the evolution of conceptual models of innovative development in Ukraine, to form their classification according to the criteria of linearity and integration and to develop directions for their improvement. To achieve the goal of the research, the basic principles of the proposed models of innovation development in the relevant normative documents (concepts and strategies) are summarized and a conceptual configuration of innovation development is proposed in order to activate it and introduce new organizational approaches. The author used content, descriptive analytical and graphic research methods.
The article describes the features of linear / nonlinear and integrated / non-integrated models and identifies the four main stages of the development of innovation models in Ukraine: (i) till 1999 – the formation of a linear model, (ii) 1999-2009 – interactive, (iii) 2009-2012 –functionally integrated, (iv) 2012-present – system-integrated, networking model.
The conceptual scheme of interaction in the innovation process is proposed. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of innovative models can only be realized through appropriate motivation – the awakening of business (or social - in the case of social innovations) interest in innovations, since they are the demanders and recipients of innovations. Such motivation can be formed / raised through the wider and deeper interactions of the participants in the innovation process in the case of non-linear and well-integrated models of innovation development. Implementation of the models should take place through appropriate organizational formats, favourable to and generating regular interactions, as well as viable relationships.
Important tools for implementation of advanced innovative models are smart specialization, funding multilateral engagement of NIS’s participants in the joint research projects and development of innovative culture and improvement of managerial approaches.