ESTIMATION OF THE COMPLEX USE OF WATER RESOURCES OF THE KAKHOVS’KE WATER RESERVOIR FOR 60 YEARS OF ITS EXPLOITATION
Keywords:
water reservoir, water balance, water resources, indicators, estimation, period of locking, irrigation, water supply, efficiencyAbstract
Fresh water resources of the land are the most valuable for the economic and personal needs of persons. The economic usage of water resources increased sharply in the second half of the XX century due to the increase in the industrial production and, in the first turn, in its most water-consuming branches, as well as due to the intense development of the hydroelectric power industry. The building of hydroelectric power plants and water reservoirs favors the complex use of water resources for the electric power production and the creation of conditions for the shipping, industrial and communal water supply, irrigation, fishery, and recreation. The intense usage of natural waters by participants of the water economic complex on the Dnieper river causes a change in numerous qualitative indicators of the state of waters as a natural resource. The goal of the present article is the estimation of the economic usage of water from the Kakhovs’ke water reservoir for the period of its exploitation (1956–2015), including the period of Ukraine’s independence (1992–2015).
As a result of studies, we have constructed the chronological plots of expense indicators of the reservoir concerning the locking, irrigation, and water supply and calculated the main and specific indicators of the water consumption from the reservoir for the indicated periods of its exploitation (prior to Ukraine’s independence established in August 1991 (36 years) and after it – till 2015 (24 years)). The analysis shows a decrease relative to the mean perennial value for 60 years (1956–2015) of the volume for a locking by almost trice for 24 years (1992–2015) and almost twice for 36 years (1956–1991) of the exploitation of the reservoir, which indicates a significant decrease in the river shipping intensity on the Kakhovs’ke water reservoir and on the whole Dnieper river after 1991. The total and specific indicators of the water consumption for the hydroelectric power production, irrigation, and water supply from the aquatory of the Kakhovs’ke water reservoir for the indicated periods of its exploitation are practically close to the mean perennial volumes of its water consumption for 60 years.
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