DIRECTIONS TO FAVOR THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The ensuring of the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises under modern conditions is possible only on the principles of their innovative development. Among the key problems of the innovative support of the agriculture, we separate the low level of development of the transfer of technologies and no access to the necessary sources of financing. To solve these problems on the basis of universities of the agrarian orientation, it is recommended to create the national system of informational of the transfer of technologies, which would union the spheres of science, finances, and commodity producers. It will be based on the activity of university centers of the transfer of technologies in the agriculture, which will execute the following functions: 1) technological audit of a technology and the enterprise-customer of the innovation, development of the accompanying technical acts; 2) study of the conjuncture of a market of innovations in the agriculture; 3) assessment of the efficiency of an idea or a development, drawing-up of business-plans, establishment of contacts with investors, optimization of the sources of financing; 4) protection of the intellectual property; 5) juridical maintenance; and 6) informational backing. It is expedient to form the national system on the basis of the single informational platform, which would accumulate the information on the university level, in particular, the information about the available innovations, their efficiency, needs of agricultural enterprises, sources of financing, etc. To describe the dynamics of the competitiveness level and the income from the innovative activity and to construct the long-term forecasts of those indicators, we use a dynamical model presented by a system of differential equations. As the basis of the modeling, we take the assertion that the keeping of competing positions requires the continuous replacement of the present competitive advantages by new ones. The additional advantage of the usage of the developed model is the possibility to forecast a time moment, when the enterprise will start the creation of a future competitive advantage by means of the mastering of a new innovative product or technology.