Mechanisms of formation of targeted complex insertions under the synthesis of a DNA molecule containing cis-syn cyclobutane thymine dimers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/dopovidi2015.05.144Keywords:
cis-syn thymine cyclobutane dimers, error-prone replication, polymerase-tautomeric model, rare tautomeric forms of DNA bases, SOS replication, targeted complex insertions, targeted complex mutations, ultraviolet mutagenesisAbstract
The mechanism of formation of complex mutations has not been yet explained. Mutations are called complex if a DNA site with certain length and certain nucleotide composition is replaced by that with different length and different nucleotide composition. The author has proposed and developed a polymerase-tautomeric model of ultraviolet mutagenesis. The mechanism of formation of targeted complex insertions that are caused by cis-syn cyclobutane thymine dimers is proposed. The error-prone or SOS-synthesis of double-stranded DNA containing cis-syn cyclobutane thymine dimers TT*1, TT*2, and TT*5 in one of its strands is considered. Cis-syn cyclobutane thymine dimers TT*2 lead to frameshift mutations, i. e., to the insertions of one or more nucleotides. Cis-syn cyclobutane thymine dimers TT*1 and TT*5 cause the formation of substitution mutations. Thus, due to the formation of a DNA insertion, its portion is extended, and its nucleotide composition varies due to the formation of several base substitution mutations. As a result, a DNA portion with certain length and nucleotide composition is replaced by that with different length and different nucleotide composition. A targeted complex mutation appears.
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