Role of radionuclide chemical forms in their behaviour within environment forecasting

Abstract

The paper suggests the principles of radionuclides 137Cs, 90Sr, 152Eu, U(VI), Th(IV), Co(II) migration forecasting. Those principles are different depending on their chemical nature and the properties of water mediums and soils having an essential (frequently even major) role in appraising of situation in the case of nuclear pollution. The conditions of ion forms and solvable complex radionuclide compounds creation are defined after the studying of intеractions in systems radionuclide–environment components–clay materials, complex-forming ligands. These researches help to know migration rout, conditions and efficacy of immobilization by soil clay elements which prevents the radioactivity spreading on clear areas. It’s ascertained that organic natural origined substances, mainly humіс substances (HS) influence strongly the Eu(III), U(VI), Th(IV) sorption by natural aluminosilicates not only in acid but also in neutral, even in leach medium, especially for Eu(III), Th(IV) changing their migration capacity.