Cold gases of neutral atoms in laser fields — new systems for quantum computing, understanding and predictions of unique physical phenomena
According to the materials of report at the meeting of the Presidium of the NAS of Ukraine, July 10, 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/visn2024.09.059Keywords:
quantum gases, neutral atoms, Bose-Einstein condensation, laser fields, ultraslow light, optical lattices, magnetism, orbital ordering, universal quantum simulators.Abstract
The report provides an overview of the progress in the research on unique effects in quantum gases of atoms at low temperatures. Particular attention is paid to the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation and a wide range of systems where this phenomenon emerges and leads to important physical effects, consequences and applications. In the presence of additional laser fields that form spatially-periodic standing waves, it is possible to model complex quantum systems from condensed matter, where the phenomena of superfluidity, magnetism, charge and orbital ordering, superconductivity, etc. are observed. We indicate the more frequent realizations of cold atom systems as universal quantum simulators, as well as the prospects of the latest theoretical approaches of tensor networks for applications in quantum computing.
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