Зв’язок між мікробіомом кишечника та розвитком нейродегенеративних захворювань (огляд)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/visn2024.07.077Ключові слова:
мікробіом, деменція, нейродегенеративні хвороби, хвороба Альцгеймера, мікроглія, метаболіти, амілоїди, пробіотики, психобіотики.Анотація
Огляд присвячено зв’язку мікробіома людини з розвитком нейродегенеративної патології. Сьогодні мікробіом розглядають як додатковий орган людини, який бере активну участь у травленні, метаболічних процесах, підтриманні цілісності епітеліального бар’єра, зміцненні імунної системи тощо. Останніми роками отримано значну кількість переконливих доказів величезного потенціалу дії мікробіома на різні процеси в організмі людини, зокрема його впливу на поведінку та біохімію мозку. Тонкі механізми розвитку й патогенезу різних форм нейродегенеративної патології поки що повністю не розшифровано, проте результати численних досліджень підтверджують участь кишкового мікробіома в підтриманні здоров'я мозку, а також вказують на тригерну роль порушеної осі «кишечник — мікробіом — мозок» у розвитку нейродегенеративної патології. На думку фахівців, профілактика порушення і відновлення мікробіома з використанням окремих видів пробіотиків та інших засобів мікробіомної терапії може стати одним з інструментів профілактики нейродегенеративних захворювань і важливим компонентом комплексних схем лікування хворих.
Посилання
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