An Effective Biosorbent Derived from Production Waste for Water Treatment: Studying the Adsorption of Synthetic Dyes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/scine17.06.083Keywords:
cellulose, synthetic dyes, waste recycling, adsorption, kinetics, walnut shell, apricot stone, thermodynamicsAbstract
Introduction. Eco-friendly disposal of food waste, in particular, nutshells and fruit kernels, is an important issue to ensure sustainable nature management. These secondary raw materials are the source of valuable polymeric materials, cellulose and lignin.
Problem Statement. IGiven the capacity of the food industry in Ukraine and the amount of waste produced, the development of technologies for processing lignin-cellulose biomass is an important research and practical issue.
Purpose. The purpose of this research is to study the adsorption properties of chemically modified biosorbent based on plant materials concerning synthetic dyes of different types and classes; to assess the feasibility of biosorbent production and efficiency of its application in water treatment.
Materials and Methods. Lignocellulose sorbent (LCS) has been synthesized from non-wood raw materials by chemical modification with the use of phosphoric acid with the addition of urea in an aqueous media. The Fourier transform infrared and standard methods of plant raw material analysis have been used to determine the physicochemical characteristics of LCS. The adsorption of anionic (methyl orange, alizarin red S, eosin Y), cationic (methylene blue, neutral red), and nonionic (aniline yellow) dyes on LCS from aqueous solution has been studied in the batch mode.
Results. The adsorption capacity of LCS towards cationic dyes (47.0–53.3 mg/g) is higher than that of anionic (22.2–36.9 mg/g) and nonionic (4.7 mg/g) ones. The adsorption kinetics have been adequately described by a pseudo-second-order equation. Adsorption of all classes of dyes on LCS is thermodynamically feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic process. The liquid by-product of LCS production contains 15% nitrogen and 10% phosphorus, so it may be used as a fertilizer.
Conclusions. The proposed method for processing food waste provides obtaining effective sorbent and liquid NP-fertilizer. LCS removes both cationic and anionic pollutants from water, so it may be considered a promising
biosorbent for water purification.
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