The Effect of the Gpc-B1 Gene on the Protein Content of Soft Winter Wheat Grain Against the Background of Genetic Environment of Ukrainian Varieties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/scine19.06.031Keywords:
Key words: Triticum aestivum L.,, Gpc-B1 gene,, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides,, molecular markers,, grain protein content,, sedimentation rate.Abstract
Introduction. The issue of improving grain quality is an urgent problem of wheat breeding. The transfer of genes from wild relatives is one of the directions of genetic improvement of wheat. The Gpc-B1 gene is of particular in terest in this direction.
Problem Statement. Using modern DNA marker systems to determine the Gpc-B1 gene from T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides makes it possible to create new promising innovation varieties with increased protein content in combination with high economic and valuable properties in a short period of time.
Purpose. The purpose of our research is to determine the effect of the Gpc-B1 gene in the genetic environment of the Ukrainian variety Kuyalnyk on the grain protein content, yield, and bread-making characteristics.
Material and Methods. The Gpc-B1 gene has been detected by the method of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The source of the Gpc-B1 gene, the Glu-Pro line, has been crossed with the Kuyalnyk variety (Gpc-B1 × Kuyalnyk). The protein content in grain has been measured by infrared spectrometry (NIR); the sedimentation index has been determined by the SDS-30 method, on an automatic device.
Results. Dominant and codominant molecular genetic systems of DNA markers have been developed to detect the Gpc-B1 gene from Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides in soft winter wheat lines. The analysis of the grain of plants of generations F5—F9 has shown that the Gpc-B1 gene causes a 3% increase in protein content as compared with the original Kuyalnyk variety. The productivity of lines carrying the Gpc-B1 gene has been analyzed in field conditions.
Conclusions. The results of our research have shown that the influence of the Gpc-B1 gene on the grain yield is practically absent against the background of the genetic environment of the Kuyalnyk zoned Ukrainian variety. The influence of this gene on the baking properties of soft wheat has been studied. The lines with the Gpc-B1 gene and without it have almost the same sedimentation rate. We have created a modern breeding material of soft winter wheat with increased protein content in the grain in combination with high economic and valuable properties, which is ready for the state variety tests.
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