Design and Manufacture of Scintillator-PMT Type Detectors Based on ZnSe(Al) and UPS-923A Plastic Scintillator for α-, β- and Mixed α-β-Radiation Devices
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/scine19.05.057Keywords:
alpha-beta radiation, detector, scintillator, zinc selenide, polystyrene, and polymethyl methacrylateAbstract
Introduction. The search for technical solutions for the creation of effective α- and β- radiation detectors is a global trend in the field of radiation monitoring.
Problem Statement. The characteristics of α- and β-particle detectors can be improved by using materials with optimized parameters, original designs and technology.
Purpose. The purpose of this research is to develop and create a technology framework for manufacturing scintillation detectors based on activated zinc selenide ZnSe(Al) and plastic scintillator (PS) of UPS-923A type polystyrene for registration of α-, β- and α-β-radiations.
Material and Methods. ZnSe(Al) crystal, PS based on UPS-923A polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) have been used; the hot pressing method; the detector parameters under irradiation with α- and β-particles have been tested with the use of the spectrometry and spectrophotometry methods.
Results. The following process techniques have been elaborated: for manufacturing the α-detector based on a thin layer of ZnSe(Al) fine-crystalline scintillator applied to a PMMA plate, which operates in the counting mode of registration (sensitivity > 0.15 pulse per sec/Bq (pps/Bq) (239Pu)); for manufacturing the PS plates of UPS923A polystyrene with a given thickness and area by the hot pressing method and the β-detectors based on them, which operate in the counting mode of registration (sensitivity > 0.28 imp · s–1/Bq (90Sr-90Y)); for manufacturing the α-β-detector based on a thin layer of fine-crystalline ZnSe(Al) applied to PS plate of UPS-923A polystyrene, which operate in the counting mode of registration (sensitivity > 0.15 pps/Bq (239Pu) and > 0.28 pps/Bq (90Sr-90Y)); for manufacturing the α-β-detector with the use of a thin monocrystalline plate of ZnSe(Al) scintillator optically connected to a PMMA plate, which operates in the spectrometric mode of registration (the detector simultaneously registers α- and β-particles with spectrum separation, α/β ratio > 0.85, sensitivity > 0.3 pps/Bq (239Pu), and > 0.28 pps/Bq (90Sr-90Y)).
Conclusions. The developed detectors are as good as the world analogs and provide signal registration in both counting and spectrometric modes.
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