STUDY ON THE COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF EXTRACTS FROM COLOBANTHUS QUITENSIS PLANTS ORIGINATING FROM THE REGIONS OF THE SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS, DANCO COAST AND GRAHAM COAST
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/dopovidi2024.02.025Keywords:
Colobanthus quitensis, Deschampsia antarctica, plant extracts, culture in vitro, phenolic compounds, antioxidant propertiesAbstract
The qualitative and quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites of Colobanthus quitensis plants from the South Shetland Islands, Danco Coast and Graham regions was performed. The composition and antioxidant properties of plant extracts grown in vitro and in nature at different locations on the islands were compared. In addition, the composition and properties of Colobanthus quitensis extracts were compared with those of another Antarctic plant — Deschampsia antarctica. The biochemical composition of the extracts was studied by high-performance liquid chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry; antioxidant properties were evaluated by DPPH test. It was found that all the extracts from C. quitensis are characterized by a high content of phenolic compounds (up to 38 mg per one gram of raw material) and exhibit significant antioxidant/antiradical activity (inhibiting up to 90 % of DPPH radicals in 30 min). The antiradical activity of the studied extracts correlates with the total content of antioxidant content of the samples. The extracts from native C. quitensis plants were found to contain mainly flavonoids (glycosides of apigenin, luteolin, and methyl esters of luteolin), which make up approximately 90 % of the total content of phenolic compounds; the other around 10 % of phenolic antioxidants are hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids. In contrast, in the extract from the in vitro culture, phenolic acids prevailed (approximately 58 %). The biochemical composition of the C. quitensis extracts differed from that of D. antarctica extract by a much higher relative content of apigenin derivatives (16—43 % of the total content of phenolic compounds vs. 3 % in D. antarctica) and a lower content of luteolin derivatives (46—71 % vs. 79 %) and phenolic acids (9—13 % vs. 18 %). Compared to the D. antarctica extract, the total content of phenolic compounds in the studied C. quitensis extracts is lower, and accordingly, the ability of these extracts to inhibit DPPH radicals is lower. Nevertheless, like D. antarctica, C. quitensis is also an efficient producer of valuable natural antioxidants.
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