De-ironing and demanganation of artesian water at industrial water intakes in Mukacheve (Zakarpats'ka region)

Abstract

A two-step scheme of the artesian water purification from iron and manganese using the first stage filter with natural clinoptilolite to remove the main amount of iron and the second stage filter with modified clinoptilolite to remove the residual iron and manganese divalent ions is proposed. The iron removal technology, which relies on a simplified or deep aeration followed by filtration through clinoptilolite loading either in the pressure or free-flow regime, is shown to be applicable at water intakes. The preparation of a clinoptilolite loading modified by manganese dioxide is implemented directly in the filtration column. The properties of a prepared modified clinoptilolite do not differ from those of the sorbent prepared in usual way. It is shown that the modified loading remains operative without rinsing and regeneration during one month. The proposed technology has been tested under real conditions at water intakes of Mukacheve, Ukraine.