НВЧ хвилевидний поляризатор для антен супутникового зв'язку з коловою поляризацією
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2022.03.043Ключові слова:
діафрагма, диференційний фазовий зсув, коефіцієнт еліптичності, коефіцієнт стійної хвилі за напругою, кросполяризаційна розв’язка, матриця передачі, матриця розсіювання, поляризатор, хвилевідАнотація
Обсяги інформації, що передаються в сучасних супутникових телекомунікаційних системах, постійно збільшуються. Антени із поляризаційним обробленням сигналів, яке виконують поляризатори, є базовими елементами таких систем. Отже, важливою задачею є розробка методів аналізу нових поляризаторів. Найбільш простими з технологічної точки зору є поляризатори на основі хвилеводів із діафрагмами. Задачами даного дослідження є аналіз та оптимізація електромагнітних характеристик поляризатора на основі квадратного хвилеводу із діафрагмами. Для вирішення поставленої задачі оптимізації створена нова математична модель, що дозволяє досліджувати вплив параметрів конструкції поляризатора на його електромагнітні характеристики. Математична модель хвилевідного поляризатора із діафрагмами була створена методом декомпозиції із використанням хвильових матриць передачі та розсіювання. Крім того, нова математична модель враховує товщини діафрагм, завдяки використанню їх еквівалентних Т- та П-подібних схем заміщення. Загальна хвильова матриця розсіювання є основою нової математичної моделі хвилевідного поляризатора. Ця матриця була визначена за допомогою теорії мікрохвильових кіл. Основні характеристики хвилевідного поляризатора були визначені через елементи цієї матриці. У роботі здійснено оптимізацію характеристик поляризатора в Ku-діапазоні частот 10.7–12.8 ГГц. Розроблена нова математична модель хвилевідного поляризатора із діафрагмами дає можливість врахування висот діафрагм, відстаней між ними та їх товщини. Нова математична модель є більш простою та швидшою для визначення електромагнітних характеристик поляризатора порівняно з методом скінченних елементів, який часто використовується для аналізу мікрохвильових пристроїв різного призначення.
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