IMPLEMENTATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES TO ALLEVIATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/scine17.01.064Keywords:
urban ecosystems, perennial plantings, soil sickness, silicon-containing minerals, salicylic acid, microbiocenosis, and adaptive potentialAbstract
Introduction. Urban perennial plantations are exposed to numerous anthropogenic pollutants, recreational load, etc. As a result, the physical and chemical properties of the soil deteriorate, the development of useful soil microflora is inhibited, the phytosanitary properties of soil ecosystems worsen, the intensity of mineralization processes and availability of macro- and micronutrients for plants drops down, and the concentration of toxic substances increases, which leads to soil sickness.
Problem Statement. Today, in Ukraine, the causes and features of soil sickness manifestation in urban ecosystems have been virtually unexplored, and there has been no environmentally sound approach to overcoming negative consequences of this phenomenon.
Purpose. To implement environmentally sound technology for overcoming soil sickness in urban green areas through the integrated use of the natural silicon containing mineral analcite and a synthetic analog of allelochemical (salicylic acid).
Materials and Methods. The experimental sites have been established in the most polluted and anthropogenically disturbed green areas of the Obolon District in Kyiv. The content of micro- and macro-elements, the main ecological-trophic groups of microorganisms have been evaluated, the directions of microbiological processes have been assessed with the use of mineralization and immobilization coefficients. Plant vitality has been determined by the degree of foliar injury, crown defoliation, photosynthetic pigment content, and activity of enzymatic antioxidants in leaves. Soil allelopathic activity has been determined by the bioassay technique.
Results. Physical, chemical, and biological processes related to soil-sickness in urban areas have been studied and approaches to control these processes have been determined. The innovative technology to alleviate soil sickness in urban green areas has been tested.
Conclusions. The advantage of the proposed technology is a complex synecological approach that which provides optimization of agrophysical, agrochemical, and biological characteristics of soil (optimal pH level, balanced content of mineral nutrients, elimination of toxicity), enhances the adaptive potential of cultivated plants to negative biotic and abiotic factors including phytopathogens.
References
Кotvitska, I. M. (2003). Heavy metals in the soils of the Kyiv metropolis. Exploratory and ecological geochemistry, 2/3, 79-81 [in Ukrainian].
Lutsyshyn, O. G., Radchenko, V. G., Palapa, N. V., Yavorovsky, P. P., Vesna, V. Y., Skrypnyk, G. L., Kovaleva, O. M. (2011). Physico-chemical properties of soils in the conditions of Kyiv metropolis. Reports of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 3, 197-204 [in Ukrainian].
Antipchuk, A. F., Rangelova, V. N., Tantsyurenko, E. V., Krasnobrizhaya, E. N. (1999). Nitrogen-fixing activity of soil and the role of ameliorants in reducing the toxic effects of heavy metals. Bull. Inst. of Agricultural Microbiology, 4, 25-30 [in Russian].
Samokhvalova, V. L., Sukhova L. V. (2007). application of the antidotes in case of the heavy metals pollution of a soil- plant system. Soil Science, 8(3-4), 19-25 [in Russian].
Shmatkov, G. G, Yakovishina, T. F. (2018). An integrated approach to soil regeneration of urban ecosystems with metal cations. Environmental sciences, 22(3), 101-105 [in Ukrainian].
Zaimenko, N. V., Didyk, N. P., Ellanska, N. E., Ivanytska, B. O., Pavluchenko, N. A., Rakhmetov, D. B., Kharytonova, I. P. (2016). Implementation of new technique for phyto- and chemical melioration of acidic and saline soils. Science and innovation, 12(1), 58-68. https://doi.org/10.15407/scine12.01.058
Zaimenko, N. V., Didyk, N. P., Pavlіuchenko, N. A., Ivanytska, B. О., Kharytonova, I. P., Rositska, N. V. (2018). Natural silicates mixed with organic fertilizers enhance corn adaptation to salt stress and improve physical characteristics of sandy soil. Journal of Crop Improvement, 32(2), 188-207. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2017.1405856
Bogatyrov, V. M., Galagan, N. P., Pokrovski, V. A., Zaimenko, N. V., Mischanchuk, B. G., Ivanytska, B. O. (2010, May) Interaction of tartaric acid with Ca caronates in natural minerals. International symposium devoted to the 80th anniversary of Academician O.O. Chuiko "Modern problems of surface chemistry and physics" (Kyiv, 18-21 May 2010). Kyiv, 143-144. [in Ukrainian].
Didyk, N. P., Zakrasov, O. V., Rositska, N. V., Kharitonova, I. P. (2014). Acclimation of maize plants before drought after seed treatment with alleloсhemicals. Plant physiology and genetics, 46 (5), 449-454 [in Ukrainian].
Makoi, J. H. J. R., Ndakidemi, P. A. (2007). Biological, ecological and agronomic significance of plant phenolic compounds in rhizosphere of the symbiotic legumes. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6(12), 1358-1368.
Krasinsky, N. P. (1950). Methods for studying the gas resistance of plants. Smoke resistance of plants and smoke resistant assortments. Moscow [in Russian].
Improved Pan-European Іndіcators for Sustainable Forest Management al adopted by the MCPFE Expert Level Meetіng, 7-8 October. 2002. Vіenna, Austrіa.
Hіscox, J. D., Іsraelstam, C. F. (1979). A method for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaf tissue without maceration. Canadian Journal of Botany, 57, 1332-1334. https://doi.org/10.1139/b79-163
Pleshkov, B. P. (1985). Practical manual on plant biochemistry. 3rd ed. add. and revised. Moscow, Agropromizdat [in Russian].
Grodzinsky, A. M. (1991). Allelopathy of plants and soilsickness. Kyiv, Naukova Dumka [in Russian].
Grodzinsky, A. M., Kostroma, E. Yu., Shrol, T. S., Khokhlova, I. G. (1990). Direct methods of bioassaying of soil and metabolites of microorganisms. Allelopathy and plant productivity. Kyiv [in Russian].
Grodzinsky, A. M., Gorobets, S. A., Krupa, L. I. (1988). Guidelines for the application of biochemical methods in allelopathic soil studies. Kyiv [in Russian].
Radchenko, O. S., Stepura, L. G., Dombrovska, I. V., Mikhalsky, L. O. (2011). Practical manual on general microbiology. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Methods of Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry. (1991) Ed. Zvyagintsev D. G. Moscow, MSU Publishing House [in Russian].
Andreyuk, K. I., Iutynska, G. O., Antipchuk, A. F., Valagurova, O. V., Kozyrytska, V. E., Ponomarenko, S. P. (2001). Functioning of microbial coenoses of soil in the conditions of anthropogenic loading. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Mukha, V. D. (1980). On indicators reflecting the intensity and direction of soil processes. Collection of works of Kharkiv Agricultural Institute, 273, 13-16 [in Russian].
Rinkis, G. Ya., Nollendorf, V. F. (1982). Balanced nutrition of plants with macro- and microelements. Riga [in Russian].
Puhe, J., Ulrіch, B. (2001). Global climate change and human impacts on forest ecosystems: postglacial development, present situation, and future trends іn Central Europe. Berlіn, Sprіnger.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59531-8_5
Gerasimova, M. I., Stroganova, M. N., Mozharova, N. V., Prokofieva, T. V. (2003). Anthropogenic soils: genesis, geography, reclamation. Smolensk: Oikumena [in Russian].
Savich, V. P., Fedorin, Yu. V., Khimina, E. G. (2007). Soils of megacities, their ecological assessment, use and formation (in Moscow, as an example): textbook. Moscow, Agribusiness Center [in Russian].
Lovett, G. M., Traynor, M. M., Pouyat, R. V., Carreiro, M. M., Zhu, W-X., Baxter, J. W. (2000). Atmospheric Deposition to Oak Forests along an Urban−Rural Gradient. Environvironmental Science and Technology, 34, 4294-4300. https://doi.org/10.1021/es001077q
Tratalos, J., Fuller, R. A., Warren, P. H., Davies, R. G., Gaston, K. J. (2007). Urban form, biodiversity potential and ecosystem services. Landscape and Urban Planning, 83, 308-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.05.003
Park, S-J., Cheng, Z., Yang, H., Morris, E.E., Sutherland, M., Gardener, B. B. M., Grewal, P. S. (2010). Differences in soil chemical properties with distance to roads and age of development in urban areas. Urban Ecosystems, 13(4), 483-497. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-010-0130-y
Pouyat, R., Groffman, P., Yesilonis, I., Hernandez, L. (2002). Soil carbon pools and fluxes in urban ecosystems. Environmental Pollution. 116 (Supplement 1), 107-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00263-9
Schmidt, M. W. I., Knicker, H., Hatcher, P.G., Kögel-Knabner, I. (1996). Impact of brown coal dust on a soil and its size fractions - chemical and spectroscopic studies. Organic Geochemistry, 25(1-2), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(96)00104-0
Goldman, M. B., Groffman, P. M., Pouyat, R. V., McDonnell, M. J., Pickett, S. T. A. (1995). CH4 uptake and N availability in forest soils along an urban to rural gradient. Soil Biology and Biochemestry, 27, 281-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(94)00185-4
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Наталія Заіменко, Наталія Дідик, Наталія Елланська, Надія Росіцька , Ірина Харитонова , Олена Юношева
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
